Quick Links: Table of Contents
- Chow Chow Versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Introduction
- Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Overview
- Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Comparison Table
- The Most Remarkable Differences Between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux
- The Similarities Between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux
- Size (Weight and Height) of Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux
- Temperament of the Chow Chow Versus the Dogue de Bordeaux
- Price of Chow Chow versus Price of Dogue de Bordeaux
- Adopting the Chow Chow versus Adopting the Dogue de Bordeaux
- The Popularity of Chow Chow versus Popularity of Dogue de Bordeaux
- Health Problems of Chow Chow versus Health Problems of Dogue de Bordeaux
- How Kid-friendly are Chow Chows and Dogue de Bordeauxs?
- Which Dog Breed is more Dog-Friendly, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux?
- Do Chow Chows shed more than Dogue de Bordeauxs?
- Which is Easier to Groom, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux?
- Do Chow Chows Bark and Howl? What about Dogue de Bordeauxs?
- Can Chow Chows Tolerate Hot Weather? Can Dogue de Bordeauxs Tolerate Hot Weather?
- Are Chow Chows good family dogs? What about Dogue de Bordeauxs?
- Is the Chow Chow Easier to Train than the Dogue de Bordeaux?
- Does the Chow Chow Have a Higher Prey Drive than the Dogue de Bordeaux?
- Wanderlust Potential: Chow Chow vs. Dogue de Bordeaux
- Which one drools more, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux
- Tolerates Being Alone: Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux
- Can Chow Chows Tolerate Cold Weather? And can Dogue de Bordeauxs Tolerate Cold Weather?
- Other Dog Breeds That are Similar to the Chow Chow
- Other Dog Breeds That are Similar to the Dogue de Bordeaux
- Other Breed Comparisons that Might Interest You
- Conclusion: Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux. Which One is a Better Pet?
Chow Chow Versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Introduction
Are you thinking of getting a new pet dog, and you have narrowed down your choices to the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux? Well, you have come to the right place. In this article, we will provide you a detailed comparison of these two dog breeds to help you decide which of the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux better suits you.
We will provide you a detailed discussion and comparison of dog attributes such as intelligence, price, general health, friendliness, etc, for both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux.
Furthermore, we will let you know which one of the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux is better suited for new dog owners, for owners with kids, for owners that live in apartments, for owners with dog allergies, etc.
Importantly, we did some analysis and calculation and we obtained a number that we call the Better-Pet Score™ for both the Chow Chow and for the Dogue de Bordeaux. The dog breed with the higher Better-Pet score is the `better` pet. We hope that these Better-Pet Scores will provide you more insight into deciding which pet to get between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux.
Our only goal here is to help you make a well-thought-out decision on your next long-term companion, be it the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux
Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Overview
Both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are similar in size. The Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are both large-sized dogs.
Furthermore, both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are Working Dogs. This means both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux were developed to assist humans in some capacity – including pulling sleds and carts, guarding flocks, guarding homes, and protecting their families. Breeds in the Working Group are known for their imposing stature, strength, intelligence, and fearless. Because of their size and strength, working dogs require a structured home life and firm, fair, consistent training by someone who can provide leadership without resorting to anger or physical force.
Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux: Comparison Table
The table below compares the Chow Chow to the Dogue de Bordeaux based on different important factors such as Price, Health, Kid-friendliness, etc.
When a dog breed scores higher for a factor than the other dog breed, the box of the breed that scores higher is shaded green and the box of the breed that scores lower is shaded red. When there is no difference between the breeds for a particular factor then the box is shaded gray for both pets. Also, when the factor is not important in picking a pet, or when the factor cannot be compared between two pets, the box for the factor is shaded gray for both pets
Most of the factors in the table for each dog breed are ranked on a scale of 1 to 5. “1” means “worst”, and “5” means “best”.
However, some factors such as “Price”, “Average Lifespan”, etc. cannot be on a scale of 1 to 5, so they are not on a scale of 1 to 5 in the comparison table.
| Factor | Chow Chow | Dogue de Bordeaux |
|---|---|---|
| Kid-Friendly | 1/5 | 5/5 |
| Dog Friendly | 1/5 | 1/5 |
| Friendly Toward Strangers | 1/5 | 1/5 |
| Does NOT Shed | 5/5 | 3/5 |
| Easy To Groom | 1/5 | 5/5 |
| Intelligence | 1/5 | 3/5 |
| Does NOT Bark or Howl | 5/5 | 4/5 |
| Potential For Playfulness | 1/5 | 3/5 |
| Life Span | 12 to 15 years | 8 to 12 years |
| Height | 17 to 20 inches tall at the shoulder | 23 to 27 inches tall at the shoulder |
| Good For Novice Owners | 2/5 | 1/5 |
| Easygoing | 4/5 | 2/5 |
| Tolerates Hot Weather | 2/5 | 2/5 |
| Affectionate With Family | 2/5 | 5/5 |
| General Health | 2/5 | 2/5 |
| Easy To Train | 2/5 | 2/5 |
| Low Prey Drive | 4/5 | 2/5 |
| Tendency NOT to Wander | 4/5 | 5/5 |
| NOT Rambunctious | 4/5 | 4/5 |
| Calmness/ Low Vigor | 4/5 | 4/5 |
| Minimal Exercise Needs | 4/5 | 1/5 |
| Adapts Well To Apartment Living | 3/5 | 5/5 |
| Does NOT Drool | 3/5 | 1/5 |
| Potential NOT to Gain Weight | 2/5 | 2/5 |
| Weight | 40 to 70 pounds | Starts at 100 pounds |
| Tolerates Being Alone | 5/5 | 2/5 |
| Tolerates Cold Weather | 5/5 | 3/5 |
| Does NOT chew on things | 1/5 | 2/5 |
| Average Lifespan | 13.5 years | 10.0 years |
| Average Price | $1750 | $2270 |
| Price Range | $1000 – $2500 | $1800 – $2500 |
| Temperament Score | 71.7 percent | 78.0 percent |
| Common Health Problems and Recommended Health Tests |
|
|
| Popularity out of 200 Dog Breeds | 74 | 65 |
*Data from dogtime.com, OFA.org (The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals), petcalculator.com, wikipedia.org, ATTS.org (the American Temperament Test Society)
Next, we added the scores of the factors that can be added together for the Chow Chow in the table (that is, `Ease of Grooming` score + `General Health` score + `Calmness` score + …etc) and we compared it to the corresponding total score for the Dogue de Bordeaux. We call these total scores the Better-Pet Scores, as we mentioned earlier. We called this score the Better-Pet score because the better dog breed will have a higher score. This is because the pet will the higher score will have minimal needs and be easier to have as a pet.
The Better-Pet score for a Chow Chow is 69 out of 125 while the Better-Pet score for a Dogue de Bordeaux is 70 out of 125.
Based on their Better-Pet scores, the Dogue de Bordeaux is a better pet than the Chow Chow. So, you should get the Dogue de Bordeaux!
Although we have done our best to analyze these two dog breeds in a very unbiased way, however, we will like to let you know that there are some dog attributes that cannot be assigned a number for comparison. We cannot put a number on how cute a dog breed is, for example. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
Also, the dog breed that best suits you will depend on your peculiar lifestyle, your taste, and your priorities, which we do not know. So, for you to decide on which breed is right for you, read through the rest of the article to further understand both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux so that you can make your own well-informed decision on which pet to get.
The Most Remarkable Differences Between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux
Below is a list of where the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are most different:
The Similarities Between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux
The Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are very similar in certain aspects. Below is the list of where the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are most similar:
Size (Weight and Height) of Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux
Now, let us discuss the difference in size between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux.
Chow Chows weigh 40 to 70 pounds when fully grown. Chow Chows are 17 to 20 inches tall at the shoulder when fully grown.
On the other hand, Dogue de Bordeauxs weigh Starts at 100 pounds when fully grown. Dogue de Bordeauxs are 23 to 27 inches tall at the shoulder when fully grown.
Temperament of the Chow Chow Versus the Dogue de Bordeaux
The Dogue de Bordeaux has a better temperament than the Chow Chow.
This is because the temperament score for the Dogue de Bordeaux is 78.0 percent while the temperament score for the Chow Chow is 71.7 percent, according to the American Temperament Test Society (ATTS).
The American Temperament Test Society (ATTS) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to provide fair and objective evaluations of the temperaments of dog breeds.
Dog breeds with low temperament scores tend to show unprovoked aggression, they easily panic without quickly recovering from the panic, and they tend to avoid people. However, dog breeds with high temperament scores are not aggressive and are not shy. Also, these dogs are generally friendly and they are protective of their owners.
The average temperament score across all dog breeds (over 250 breeds) is 83.7 percent.
With its temperament score of 71.7 percent, the Chow Chow has a below-average temperament compared to other dog breeds.
With its temperament score of 78.0 percent, the Dogue de Bordeaux has a below-average temperament compared to other dog breeds.
The ATTS obtained the temperament scores of the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux by measuring the temperaments of 99 Chow Chows and 100 Dogue de Bordeauxs.
Price of Chow Chow versus Price of Dogue de Bordeaux
The average price of the Chow Chow puppy is $1750. The price of the Chow Chow typically ranges from $1000 – $2500. However, the price of a Chow Chow can be as low as $400 and as high as $4125. We obtained this price information by reviewing the prices of 156 Chow Chow puppies listed for sale from various sources.
The average price of the Dogue de Bordeaux puppy is $2270. The price of the Dogue de Bordeaux typically ranges from $1800 – $2500. However, the price of a Dogue de Bordeaux can be as low as $800 and as high as $4000. We obtained this price information by collecting and reviewing the prices of 103 Dogue de Bordeaux puppies listed for sale from various sources.
The Dogue de Bordeaux is more expensive than the Chow Chow.
| Chow Chow | Dogue de Bordeaux | |
|---|---|---|
| Average Price | $1750 | $2270 |
| Price Range | $1000 to $2500 | $1800 to $2500 |
The charts below show the price distribution for the Chow Chow and Dogue de Bordeaux. For different price points, the charts show how many Chow Chow puppies or how many Dogue de Bordeaux puppies are listed for sale at those price points.
A breakdown of the prices of Chow Chows. The typical price range is shaded Green.
A breakdown of the prices of Dogue de Bordeauxs
Note that a lot of factors determine how much you can expect to pay for the Chow Chow puppy or the Dogue de Bordeaux puppy. This includes if health screening tests have been performed on the puppy, if the puppy is from a famous pedigree, the US State where the puppy is bred, etc.
Nevertheless, when looking from a puppy, look at buying a puppy only from well-established breeders that breed puppies primarily for the love of dogs, and secondarily for profit. Do not buy a puppy from one of those puppy mills that mass-produce puppies in bad living conditions for maximum profit.
You may also consider adopting a dog instead of buying a dog.
Adopting the Chow Chow versus Adopting the Dogue de Bordeaux
You may consider adopting a dog instead of buying a puppy. Many Chow Chows and many Dogue de Bordeauxs are currently available for adoption.
These adorable and cute dogs are waiting in dog shelters hoping that someday someone will rescue them. Furthermore, adoption costs are lesser than the cost of a new puppy. Dog adoption costs are usually around $300. In addition to your local dog shelter, a good place online to see dogs that are available for adoption is petfinder.com.
Below is an adorable Male Chow Chow named Malfoy that is currently available for adoption on Petfinder.com. You can find other lovely adoptable Chow Chows like Malfoy on pefinder.com.
Also, like Chow Chows, Dogue de Bordeauxs are also available for adoption. For example, Zorro is a Male Dogue de Bordeaux that is currently available for adoption on petfinder.com. You can find more Dogue de Bordeauxs like Zorro that are up for adoption on petfinder.com.
Argon is the name of another Chow Chow (Male) on petfinder.com that is looking for a new home.
Also Finn, an adorable Male Dogue de Bordeaux on petfinder.com that you can adopt.
You can find more Chow Chows and Dogue de Bordeauxs that are available for adoption on petfinder.
The Popularity of Chow Chow versus Popularity of Dogue de Bordeaux
Every year, the American Kennel Club (AKC) publishes information on how popular a dog breed is in that particular year. The AKC gets the popularity information of a breed from how many dogs of that breed the owners register with the AKC every year. The AKC collects this data for about 200 dog breeds. The AKC collects this data for purebred dogs only(no mixed or hybrid dogs).
The graphs and the table below show the popularity of the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux over the years.
Based on the AKC popularity data over the years, the Dogue de Bordeaux is more popular with dog owners than the Chow Chow. This is because, over the years, the average popularity of the Dogue de Bordeaux is 65 out of about 200 dog breeds while the average popularity of the Chow Chow is 74 out of about 200 dog breeds.
Popularity of Chow Chow
Popularity of Dogue de Bordeaux
| Year | Chow Chow Popularity Rank | Dogue de Bordeaux Popularity Rank |
|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 70 | 65 |
| 2014 | 70 | 63 |
| 2015 | 73 | 63 |
| 2016 | 74 | 63 |
| 2017 | 76 | 67 |
| 2018 | 75 | 67 |
| 2019 | 77 | 68 |
| 2020 | 84 | 71 |
Health Problems of Chow Chow versus Health Problems of Dogue de Bordeaux
Every dog breed has its own set of health problems that it has a tendency to develop. Therefore, there is nothing like a perfect puppy.
Both the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux are prone to certain genetic health conditions. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) is the organization that keeps track of health problems in dogs. Based on the extensive records that the OFA keeps, the OFA knows what health problems each dog breed is naturally prone to develop. Hence, the OFA recommends which health screening that breeders should perform on a dog breed to make sure that the breeders won`t breed `defective` dog parents that can pass down defective genes to their puppy offspring.
The more health problems a dog breed is prone to develop, the more health tests the OFA will recommend for that dog breed.
Based on our review of OFA records, we found that the Dogue de Bordeaux is prone to the same number of genetic health problems as the Chow Chow.
6 health tests are recommended for Chow Chow while 6 tests are recommended for the Dogue de Bordeaux.
Below is a detailed discussion of health problems in Chow Chows and in Dogue de Bordeauxs.
Chow Chow Health Problems
Chow Chows are genetically prone to certain health problems. However, breeders can reduce the chances of producing Chow Chow puppies with genetic defects by making sure that a puppy`s parents are free from genetic health problems before allowing the parent to make puppies.
The OFA provides breeders recommendations on which genetic diseases that breeders should screen their dog parents and puppies for.
If you want a Chow Chow puppy that will grow up to be healthy, make sure that your Chow Chow breeder screens your puppy or your puppy`s parents for the health problems that the OFA recommends for your puppy`s breed. This will increase the chances that your puppy is free from genetic defects.
The following are the health tests that Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) recommends that breeders should screen Chow Chows for:
You can find out more about OFA`s recommended tests for Chow Chows here.
Dogue de Bordeaux Health Problems
Dogue de Bordeauxs are genetically prone to certain health problems. However, breeders can reduce the chances of producing Dogue de Bordeaux puppies with genetic defects by making sure that a puppy`s parents are free from genetic health problems before allowing the parent to make puppies.
The OFA provides breeders recommendations on which genetic diseases that breeders should screen their dog parents and puppies for.
If you want a Dogue de Bordeaux puppy that will grow up to be healthy, make sure that your Dogue de Bordeaux breeder screens your puppy or your puppy`s parents for the health problems that the OFA recommends for your puppy`s breed. This will increase the chances that your puppy is free from genetic defects.
The following are the health tests that Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) recommends that breeders should screen Dogue de Bordeauxs for:
You can find out more about OFA`s recommended tests for Dogue de Bordeauxs here.
More Discussions on Health Problems in Chow Chows and Dogue de Bordeauxs
Based on our analysis of data from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, of all known genetic health problems in dogs, the health problem that is most commonly seen in the Chow Chow Breed is Elbow problems.
This is because the Chow Chow ranks 1 out of 144 dog breeds for Elbow problems. In fact, in a health test conducted on 1393 Chow Chows, 693 of them had Elbow problems.
The genetic diseases that were found to commonly occur in Chow Chows, and how common these diseases are in Chow Chows relative to other dog breeds, are given below:
Based on our analysis of data from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, of all known genetic health problems in dogs, the health problem that is most commonly seen in the Dogue de Bordeaux Breed is Shoulder problems.
This is because the Dogue de Bordeaux ranks 2 out of 22 dog breeds for Shoulder problems. In fact, in a health test conducted on 250 Dogue de Bordeauxs, 23 of them had Shoulder problems.
The genetic diseases that were found to commonly occur in Dogue de Bordeauxs, and how common these diseases are in Dogue de Bordeauxs relative to other dog breeds, are given below:
The table below lists the common health problems in Chow Chow and in Dogue de Bordeaux and the rank (prevalence), compared to other dogs, of these health problems in the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux:
| Disease | Chow Chow Rank | Dogue de Bordeaux Rank |
|---|---|---|
| Elbow problems | 1 out of 144 dog breeds | 14 out of 144 dog breeds |
| Eyes problems | 3 out of 182 dog breeds | 47 out of 182 dog breeds |
| Patella problems | 15 out of 145 dog breeds | 94 out of 145 dog breeds |
| Hips problems | 36 out of 198 dog breeds | 4 out of 198 dog breeds |
| Thyroid problems | 88 out of 115 dog breeds | 79 out of 115 dog breeds |
| Shoulder problems | Not Common | 2 out of 22 dog breeds |
| Advanced Cardiac problems | Not Common | 10 out of 71 dog breeds |
| Congenital Cardiac problems | Not Common | 25 out of 159 dog breeds |
*To learn more about each of these diseases, go to OFA.org and search for the disease.
Again, most of these health problems can be prevented through health screening. Responsible breeders screen male and female dog parents for genetic problems. These breeders will only breed dogs that are free of genetic defects. That way, there is little or no chance that their puppies will grow up to have genetic health problems. Always ask a breeder for the list of health tests the breeder screens their dogs for before buying a puppy from such a breeder.
How Kid-friendly are Chow Chows and Dogue de Bordeauxs?
Chow Chows do not get along well with kids. They are not kid-friendly.
Dogue de Bordeauxs get along well with kids. They are kid-friendly.
Which Dog Breed is more Dog-Friendly, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows do not get along well with other dogs.
Dogue de Bordeauxs do not get along well with other dogs.
Do Chow Chows shed more than Dogue de Bordeauxs?
Chow Chows do not shed a lot. They are good for people with dog allergies.
Dogue de Bordeauxs shed moderately.
Which is Easier to Groom, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows require a lot of grooming and they are not very easy to groom.
Dogue de Bordeauxs are very easy to groom.
Do Chow Chows Bark and Howl? What about Dogue de Bordeauxs?
Chow Chows are not very vocal. They do not tend to bark and howl.
Dogue de Bordeauxs are not very vocal. They do not tend to bark and howl.
Which is Better for New Dog Owners, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows are not the best dogs for new dog owners.
Dogue de Bordeauxs are not the best dogs for new dog owners.
Can Chow Chows Tolerate Hot Weather? Can Dogue de Bordeauxs Tolerate Hot Weather?
Chow Chows cannot tolerate hot weather. They are not suited for hot environments.
Dogue de Bordeauxs cannot tolerate hot weather. They are not suited for hot environments.
Are Chow Chows good family dogs? What about Dogue de Bordeauxs?
Chow Chows are not affectionate with family. They are not good family dogs.
Dogue de Bordeauxs are great family dogs. They are very affectionate with family.
Is the Chow Chow Easier to Train than the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows are not easy to train.
Dogue de Bordeauxs are not easy to train.
Does the Chow Chow Have a Higher Prey Drive than the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows have a very low prey drive. This means they get won`t chase after smaller pets. They tend to get along well with other pets.
Dogue de Bordeauxs have a high prey drive. They have the tendency to chase after smaller animals and pets. They do not get along well with other pets.
Wanderlust Potential: Chow Chow vs. Dogue de Bordeaux
Chow Chows do not have the potential to wander after things that capture their attention. They tend to stay around where you leave them.
Dogue de Bordeauxs do not have the potential to wander after things that capture their attention. They tend to stay around where you leave them.
Is the Chow Chow Better for Apartment Owners than the Dogue de Bordeaux?
Chow Chows adapt moderately well to apartment living.
Dogue de Bordeauxs adapt very well to apartment living.
Which one drools more, the Chow Chow or the Dogue de Bordeaux
Chow Chows drool moderately.
Dogue de Bordeauxs have a very high tendency to drool.
Tolerates Being Alone: Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux
Chow Chows can be left alone for some time without problems.
Dogue de Bordeauxs do not like to be left alone.
Can Chow Chows Tolerate Cold Weather? And can Dogue de Bordeauxs Tolerate Cold Weather?
Chow Chows can very well tolerate cold weather.
Dogue de Bordeauxs can moderately tolerate cold weather.
Other Dog Breeds That are Similar to the Chow Chow
Furthermore, there are other dog breeds that are very similar to the Chow Chow that you can consider on your quest to get the best pet.
We crunched the numbers and found that the following dog breeds have similar personality and temperament as the Chow Chow:
Other Dog Breeds That are Similar to the Dogue de Bordeaux
Furthermore, there are other dog breeds that are very similar to the Dogue de Bordeaux that you can consider on your quest to get the best pet.
We crunched the numbers and found that the following dog breeds have similar personality and temperament as the Dogue de Bordeaux:
Other Breed Comparisons that Might Interest You
You may also be interested in how the Chow Chow and how the Dogue de Bordeaux compares to other breeds. So, see below the comparison of the Chow Chow and of the Dogue de Bordeaux to other breeds:
Chow Chow Versus Other Dog Breeds
Chow Chow versus Basset Fauve de Bretagne Chow Chow versus Border Terrier Chow Chow versus Whippet Chow Chow versus Toy Poodle Chow Chow versus Bullmastiff Chow Chow versus Chinese Shar-Pei Chow Chow versus Bernese Mountain Dog Chow Chow versus Tibetan Mastiff Chow Chow versus Dandie Dinmont Terrier Chow Chow versus Irish Terrier
Dogue de Bordeaux Versus Other Dog Breeds
Dogue de Bordeaux versus Irish Terrier Dogue de Bordeaux versus Patterdale Terrier Dogue de Bordeaux versus Bernese Mountain Dog Dogue de Bordeaux versus Pyredoodle Dogue de Bordeaux versus Peek A Poo Dogue de Bordeaux versus Sealyham Terrier Dogue de Bordeaux versus Briard Dogue de Bordeaux versus Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Dogue de Bordeaux versus English Toy Spaniel Dogue de Bordeaux versus West Highland White Terrier
Conclusion: Chow Chow versus Dogue de Bordeaux. Which One is a Better Pet?
In summary, there is nothing like a better dog breed or a worse dog breed. The important question to ask is which dog breed better matches your interests and lifestyle. We hope our discussion above will help you in deciding which dog breed between the Chow Chow and the Dogue de Bordeaux better suits you and your family.